The Success of the Roman Army an Example of the Topic History Essays by

The Success of the Roman Army At its height, the Roman Empire has been considered as one of the greatest empires of the Old World. In a span of two centuries, it had stretched its borders to gain control of the Italian peninsula (Manas 24). The driving force behind the success of the Roman Empire was its army. The Roman army was considered to be the ultimate fighting machine of the Old World. At full strength, one Roman legion can be made up of over 10,000 men with 4,200 infantry, 4,200 footmen, 600 horsemen and 300 calvary men called the Eques Legionis. Over time, the soldiers serving in the army were composed of Romans and auxiliaries who are soldiers from the allied provinces of the empire (MacMullen 228; Santosuosso 18). The success of the Roman army in conquering the modern world could be attributed to three prime factors: the weaponry used in combat, their military tactics and the frame of mind of the soldiers. This paper will discuss in detail these three factors. Need essay sample on "The Success of the Roman Army" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed University Students Frequently Tell Us: I'm don't want to write my paper online. I want to spend time with my family Our writers advise: Winning Academic Essay Writing Delivered On Time All Roman soldiers were equipped with three basic weapons: a shield, a sword and two javelins with one lighter than the other. The shield used by a Roman soldier is called a scutum. It is a curved, oblong shield that measures 1.2 meters in height, 75 centimeters in width and weighs about 10 kilograms. It is made up of two wooden sheets joined together and then wrapped with canvass and calf skin. The top and bottom and center parts are made up of iron. The Roman utilizes the scutum both as a defensive tool as well as an offensive weapon. The weight of the scutum allows the Roman soldier to force down an enemy to the ground. As a defense tool, the Roman soldier would anchor the scutum on the ground to protect him while attacking his adversaries. The metal boss in the middle of the scutum protects the soldier from the onslaught of stones, missiles and spears from the opponent (Burns 64,75; Santosuosso 16-17). The primary weapon used by the Romans in battle is a short, double-edge sword called a gladius. The entire sword has a length of 76 centimeters with the blade measuring between 50 and 55 centimeters. The construction of the gladius not only makes it easy for a soldier to maneuver it during close range combat, but it is also more likely to strike an enemys vital organs when it is used in a thrusting motion. This makes the gladius an efficient and lethal weapon (Santosuosso 17). Every Roman soldier is also equipped with two javelins called pila (plural form of pilum). Each pilum is composed of two parts: an iron topped that measures about 135 centimeters long with a flat and polygonal barbed blade at its tip and a long wooden shaft. The iron section is fastened using two rivets in order from preventing the iron section to break off during battle. The rivets also helps the pila in lodging either onto the ground or on the bodies of the enemies firmly that it prevents the soldiers adversaries from using it against them (Santosuosso 17-18). The Romans protected their bodies with bronze breast and back plates fastened with the use of hinges which they have adopted from the Greeks. Eventually, the more affluent members of the Roman army began to use mail armor and Montefortino type helmets. By the middle of the third century, all members of the Roman army began to equip themselves with open-faced helmets made from a single piece of bronze that had a close-fitting bowl to protect the skull and a neck guard slopping down under the ears. This new helmet, adopted from the Samno-Attics, were more effective since it was less tiring to wear and less likely to be knocked askew while the soldier is in transit or in battle. It was also cheaper and easier to make, making mass production possible (Burns 71-74). During a battle, the Roman army was divided into four lines: one line of light infantry called the velites and three lines of heavy infantry. Except for the third heavy infantry line, each line is composed of ten maniples ad two centuries, which is the smallest unit of the Roman army. Each maniple is then deployed in a manner resembling that of a check board. The third infantry line were further equipped with a thrusting spear and were arranged in a close-ordered formation, similar to that of the phalanx formation used by the Macedonians (Burns 65; Santosuosso 18-20). The tactics employed by the Romans in battle is one that provided them as much room for them to maneuver around their enemies as possible. The light infantry was tasked to disorganize the enemy, reveal its vulnerable areas and cause damage from a distance. Only when the light infantry has been successful with this would the heavy infantry bring the battle to the enemy and engage in close quarter combat (Burns 65, 75; Santosuosso 19-20). As the war campaigns lasted longer in more remote areas involving more superior adversaries, modifications were made to make their military tactics more efficient. One of the modifications that they made was the utilization of a larger basic military unit called the cohort which is composed of 600 men. The Romans also studied their enemies military tactics and would use those that they have found effective in later conquests. One such incident was the modification of how the commanders govern their armies after the battle in the Allia where they have discovered that insufficient leadership in the battlefield on the part of the Roman commanders caused the soldiers to be overwhelmed by the Gallic army which resulted in them breaking their ranks during battle (Burns 63-64; Santosuosso 20-21). Perhaps the biggest change to the Roman army was seen in the political will of Emperor Augustus. In it, the emperor had considered the Roman army not as the army of Rome as many have viewed it, but as the army of the Empire. Not only did this change the role of the Roman army as the guardian of the state, but it had also meant that the reigning emperor is also the commander-in-chief of the army as well (Patterson 99; Santosuosso 90). However, what made the Roman army an extremely powerful force were the soldiers themselves. The Roman Empire had a very strong military culture. The Romans revered military achievement above everything else. They were more than willing to give their consent to the Roman army to engage in combat with their adversaries since a successful battle would mean that Rome would gain a new province as well as its wealth and the victory would be a message to their adversaries of their superiority. Moreover, they viewed serving in the Roman army is the greatest service a Roman man can do (Rich 41, 56, 65; Patterson 93, 97). Prior to 107 BC, only the affluent men of Rome are allowed to enlist in the Roman army since their wealth would determine their rank in the army. Eventually, the Roman army was opened to all male Romans citizens except for slaves, adulterers and criminals who were physically healthy, muscular, and alert. As a result, majority of the male citizens of the Empire were involved in military service, making it easy for the army to call on reserves from both Roman citizens and its allies (Patterson 93; Rich 53; Santosuosso 10, 46, 91-92). Once enlisted, a Roman would need to undergo four months training as a recruit. Upon completion of the recruitment period, he would then take his oath in the presence of the gods and the emperor as a full fledge solider of the Roman army. However, the training did not stop after the individual was welcomed into the army. Roman soldiers would practice battle drills continuously to increase the stamina of the soldiers which is crucial in battles. This has made the Roman army into a professional standing army (Patterson 96; Santosuosso 91-92). Since enlistment to the army is voluntary, the empire rewards the soldiers with a number of benefits. These benefits include donations upon retirement as well as their sons being able to enter the Senate once they are of age (Patterson 97). Although the Roman army had always been seen as a symbol of honor, bravery and the army of Rome itself, not the army of the emperor, this had not always been the case. For a time, they had become corrupted and no longer became the guardians of Rome. It was only when Julius Caesar came into power that the Roman army once again regained its good name among the citizens of Rome (Santosuosso 28). Although the Roman army had its shares of defeats and failures, it would be remembered for its discipline and superior military tactics (Santosuosso 21). They were able to conquer their enemies not only by assimilating their tactics and weaponry, but they also began to think like their enemies. It was composed of men who were well-trained in battle and firmly believed that in spite of the bloodshed and loss of life, each battle was for the glory of the empire and for the glory of Rome. In the end, the Roman army entered the pages of history as a symbol of honor, bravery and patriotism, and perhaps the greatest army history has ever seen. Works Cited Burns, Michael T. The Homogenisation Military Equipment Under the Roman Republic. 2003. 04 February 2008. Manas, J. Lessons from the Rise and Fall of the Roman Empire: An Ancient Guide to Modern Project Management. Patterson, John. "Military organization and social change in the later Roman Republic." War and Society in the Roman Word Leicester-Nottingham Studies in Ancienty Society. Ed. John Rich and Graham Shipley Vol. 5. New York: Routledge, 1993. pp. 92-109. NetLibrary. Pellissippi State Tech. Coll. Lib., Knoxville, TN. 04 February 2008. Rich, John. "Fear, greed and glory: the causes of Roman war-making in the middle Republic." War and Society in the Roman Word Leicester-Nottingham Studies in Ancient Society. Ed. John Rich and Graham Shipley Vol. 5. New York: Routledge, 1993. pp. 38-66. NetLibrary. Pellissippi State Tech. Coll. Lib., Knoxville, TN.

Examining The Traditional Indigenous Community Structures Religion Essays

Examining The Traditional Indigenous Community Structures Religion Essays Examining The Traditional Indigenous Community Structures Religion Essay Examining The Traditional Indigenous Community Structures Religion Essay Traditional Autochthonal communities were really structured and the people within them abided by many hereditary Torahs and ordinances. Autochthonal people believe that all their customary Torahs were established during the Dreamtime ( the clip of creative activity ) by their ascendants. These Torahs determined the appropriate behaviors of different people within the folk. The Torahs besides decided which nutrients could be eaten, how nutrient should be shared, people s rights and duties, household regulations, matrimony agreements, spiritual responsibilities and penalties for those who broke the regulations ( Customary Law, Traditional Life, Aboriginal People and Torres Strait Islanders, 2005 ) . 2.0 The diverseness of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Torahs There are about five-hundred known Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander states ( Hamper et.al, 2009, p.58 ) . Within each of these states are a figure of kins. Each of these kins has their ain district, traditions and rites and has developed a alone jurisprudence. Therefore, there are 1000s of signifiers of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples customary jurisprudence. However, all of the kins have a religious footing by which to organize their jurisprudence. For illustration, the Dreamtime is of great importance to the constitution of the jurisprudence and the function of the land and spiritualty in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander customary jurisprudence. 3.0 The religious nature of customary jurisprudence The chief rule of traditional Aboriginal society is belief in the unity of the religious, human and natural universe ( Aspects of Traditional Aboriginal Australia, 2007 ) . Aboriginal spiritualty is based on the Dreaming ( derived from Dreamtime ) , Totems and connexion with land and organic structures of H2O. 3.1 The Dream This religious worldview is known as the Dreaming, and it permeates every facet of traditional Aboriginal life. The importance of the Dreamtime lies in the manner it tells how the liquors made and maintained the land and how they laid down the jurisprudence. The kernel of the Dreaming is that every portion of the life force the Ancestral Beings, the land, the sea, worlds, zoologies, vegetations and natural phenomena is inextricably and everlastingly connected to every other portion. Furthermore, through the observation of ritual and ceremonial, worlds are able to come in into a direct relationship with the Dreaming ( Aspects of Traditional Aboriginal Australia, 2007 ) 3.2 Totems An of import facet of Aboriginal spiritualty is the belief that every individual has a totem. Totemism describes the relationship between an person with a works or animate being species, or a status or a state of affairs. In traditional Aboriginal belief each individual s totem originates in the topographic point where that individual s female parent was impregnated with a spirit kid. Spirit kids are released in peculiar sacred topographic points by the Ancestral Beings. For illustration, a pregnant adult female near the site of a goanna will er unborn kid is instantly affiliated with the goanna totem31. 3.3 Connection with land and organic structures of H2O The close bonds between Aboriginal people and the physical and religious universes are particularly evident in relation to land. Land is vested in each member of the linguistic communication group as a sacred legacy from the Dreaming, and thereby provides the foundation for the group s being. Each group s district is physically, spiritually, economically and culturally indispensable for endurance. Consequently, connexion to land is an built-in portion of the mind of every individual within the linguistic communication group. 4.0 The characteristics of Aboriginal and Torres strait Islander jurisprudence There are four cardinal characteristics of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples customary jurisprudence ; orally based, understanding on Torahs throughout the whole group, household and affinity ties and, based on rites and traditions. A cardinal characteristic of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander jurisprudence is the construct of shared ownership of the land and resources. This construct is in desolate in contrast to European jurisprudence, which is devoted to the rule of private ownership 5.0 Ritual and unwritten traditions The rites that each kin practiced came from their assorted readings of the Dreamtime. These rites were found in all countries of life, including faith and customary jurisprudence. In a similar manner to European jurisprudence, hence, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander customary jurisprudence has a strong ritual component. For illustration, ritual ceremonials affecting particular sacred sites, vocal rhythms are accompanied by dance, and organic structure picture, and even athleticss ( Autochthonal Traditions Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders, 2006 ) . One of the chief characteristics of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander customary jurisprudence is that it is unwritten jurisprudence. This means that the jurisprudence is non written down but alternatively transmitted by word of oral cavity. Each coevals must retrieve the Torahs and so go through them on to the undermentioned coevals. Songs, dance and narratives were used to assist members of the kin retrieve the assorted Torahs that applied to their group. One of the jobs associated with unwritten jurisprudence is that it can be forgotten or misinterpreted. As one coevals passes on the jurisprudence to another, it is easy for it to be inadvertently modified. To get the better of this job, Aboriginal people would merely disregard a jurisprudence that had changed to the point that it was now unfair. This is one of the chief advantages of unwritten jurisprudence: its flexibleness. As a society adapts, so can the jurisprudence. In European-based legal systems, altering the jurisprudence involves a long and normally time-consuming procedure ; as a effect, the legal system can go out of measure with the outlook of society. 6.0 Dispute Resolution Dispute declaration involves mediation and conciliation carried out by seniors of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities. Mediation involves all parties involved in a difference speaking through their issues and seeking to decide their jobs through dialogue. Rather than passing out penalty to a individual who broke tribal Torahs or imposts, Autochthonal legal tradition holds that it is better to hold a household member talk to the person and effort to decide the job by treatment. Where a difference could non be resolved through mediation, conciliation would be used. In this method of difference declaration, the seniors of the folk would run into with the people in the struggle and effort to help them to make a declaration through treatment and duologue. Their gray hair frequently identifies seniors, nevertheless, younger wise work forces would besides take part in meetings. However, the seniors in Autochthonal communities are deceasing out doing it hard to include them in meetings. 7.0 Sanctions There are legion countenances within Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples customary jurisprudence. The primary countenances include: societal ridicule and isolation, retaliation, contending and contemptuous, test by ordeal and, inquest. Tribal penalty is existing in Aboriginal civilization. Traditional penalty is a subdivision of customary jurisprudence ; punishes wrongdoers violatin and transgressing Aboriginal community values. Theway in which penalty is laid out is similar to that of the Australian felon justness system. A meeting is held consisting the accused, complainant and seniors who decide the punishment and the badness of penalty. An illustration of a common penalty is the accused being speared a figure of times in the thigh. 8.0 You should reason your study with an sentiment, supported by grounds, as to whether the two signifiers of jurisprudence under consideration are compatible and could co-exist in Australia. There are important differences between the modern Australian legal system based on English common jurisprudence and Indigenous customary Torahs. Under Australian jurisprudence there is a clear separation between legal affairs and spiritual societal and moral values. However, traditional Aboriginal jurisprudence is ineluctably based on Aboriginal faith ; the Dreamtime provides the acceptable codifications of behavior in all facets of life. Some countries of customary jurisprudence are compatible in Australia such as mediation and acknowledgment of traditional land. A signifier of mediation referred to as circle sentencing has been incorporated into the condemnable justness system. For illustration, the Koori tribunal, an enterprise of the Victorian Aboriginal Justice Agreement, aims to right overrepresentation of Autochthonal wrongdoers in the condemnable justness system through the debut of justice-related plans and services in partnership with the Koori community ( Message Stick Koori Court, 2005 ) . The members of the Koori Court comprise community leaders, a magistrate and an senior of the community. Tests of circle condemning in different countries of Australia have been successful. Circle sentencing has reduced the barriers that presently exist between Courts and led to betterments in the degree of support for Aboriginal wrongdoers ( Lawlink NSW: 3. Aboriginal Customary Law, 2000 ) . In add-on, the Lardil Peoples v. State of Queensland [ 2004 ] FCA 298 demonstrates the turning acknowledgment of importance of organic structures of H2O to the Autochthonal Australians. The traditional proprietors ( the Lardil, Yangkaal, Kaidilt and Gangalidda peoples ) were able to show a strong religious and cultural connexion to the organic structures of H2O and, hence granted native rubric. ( Hamper, 2009, p.61Legal surveies Preliminary 3rd edition Publisher: Pearson 2009 Writers: David Hamper et.al, Bruce Derwent, John boesenberg, Michael Hayes, Nerida thiering ) There are many conflictions between Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander customary jurisprudence and Australian felon jurisprudence. Many of the traditions accepted in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander civilizations are offenses in Australian common jurisprudence. For illustration, For illustration, in 2002, a 50 year-old year-old Arnhem Land adult male, Jackie Pascoe, was sentenced to one-day gaol for holding improper sexual dealingss with his 17-year-old bride.[ 1 ]This was due to Aboriginal traditions allowing dealingss with his underage promised married woman ( SSABSA, Cultural Punishment, 2005 ) . Contemporary Australian jurisprudence relies on isolation from the community alternatively of physical penalty. The condemnable justness system sends people to imprison, sometimes for old ages and old ages. That means that they can non be with their household and can non travel to work. However, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander customary jurisprudence is dependent on countenances such as retaliation, test by ordeal, inquest and other signifiers of penalty. European jurisprudence resents tribal penalty for the ground that there is a important hazard that penalty would affect improper physical force and the tribunals can non excuse improper Acts of the Apostless. A instance heard in 2004, in the Northern Territory Supreme Court granted bond to Anthony, a traditional Walpiri adult male who had murdered his married woman. Elders from Lajamanu informed the NT Supreme Court about the penalty he will have when Anthony returns to Lajamanu ; he would be speared in the leg about four times by the household of the adult female he was accused of killing. Anthony consented to Revenge saying that he may be cursed by Aboriginal thaumaturgy that may kill him or his household may be in danger if he did non undergo the traditional penalty. However, Chief Justice Brian Martin ruled that the penalty would ensue in dangerous bodily injury, and therefore be improper in footings of NT statute law. On the 23rd of March, 2004, Jeremy Anthony was arrested at Katherine Hospital after intervention for a broken arm and leg hurts. He was allegedly in breach of his bond conditions when he visited Lajamanu to undergo tribal penalty ( Mildren, 2003 ) . This instance portrays the uninterrupted job that occurs when traditional Aboriginal people are caught between two Torahs: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander customary jurisprudence and Australian felon jurisprudence. To this twenty-four hours, traditional autochthonal Australians follow customary jurisprudence, therefore normally transgressing Australian condemnable jurisprudence. The two sytems of jurisprudence can non co-exist aboard each other as Aboriginal people may confront two penalties from each of the sytems which breaches Sentencing Act 1995. Australian common jurisprudence has accepted that a individual can non be punished twice for the same offence.If an wrongdoer is sent to gaol, the wrongdoer will acquire his/her penalty by the customary jurisprudence system, either before acquiring sentenced or after. However, this is non merely as this will burthen Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people with another penalty from one of the two systems.

Management Research Exam Questions Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Management Research Exam Questions - Assignment Example Firstly, the ordinal scale of measurement is one that attempts to provide a ranking of different orders. For instance, 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th would be considered as ordinal. Such a ranking and listing is useful in many cases as a means of providing a degree of perspective for the researcher/reader that would otherwise not be reflected. Similarly, nominal variables are those that are generally entirely qualitative. As such, the differential between one item and another is predicated first and foremost upon the names that they individually represent and the means through which comparison can be drawn based upon this. Examples of nominal ranking and variables can be understood with regards to style, genre, and or biology. Interval scales/variables are useful with regards to understanding a degree of difference. For instance, the temperature scale of Celsius would be a perfect example. One can clearly denote that a temperature shift from 20-40 degrees in Celsius would represent a situati on in which it becomes â€Å"twice as hot† as it was previously. As such, an interval scale need not only be applied to scientific measurement. As with so many of the other scales that exist throughout this discussion, an interval scale is also useful with regards to applying it in any litany of different situations. Finally, ratio type variables are useful in helping to measure or understand a type of differential between two otherwise non-comparable entities. Ratios are used in a great variety of different genres but are most specifically useful with regards to comparing impact or profitability of one group as compared to another. However, with that being said, ratios, although not used within the hard sciences to the same extent to which the other means of measurement are, can be effective in denoting the differential between two forms of measurement. Whereas it may seem as somewhat confusing what the reason and/or rational is behind all of these different forms of variabl es/measurement; however, the fact of the matter is that they all ultimately serve the same root purpose. This purpose is namely to allow the individual to categorize and define the broad levels of information that greet them during the course of the human experience. b. Discuss how each of them may be used in management research. Provide examples to support your discussion. A primary usage of the ordinal scale would be with regards to comparing and contrasting work performance based upon those that have been able to exhibit a very high percentage of efficiency/profitability or utility for the firm or organization in question. This ordinal scale is useful within the realm of management but should not be overused as there are unique human emotions and dynamics that tend to get lost when one focuses specifically upon a ranking of individuals or work goals that can be compared to one another. Ultimately, even though the ordinal scale is useful, the practitioner should seek to vary their approach to using this scale due to the fact that overuse would lend itself to something of a type of scientific management. The use of nominal variables is especially helpful with respect to allowing a particular stakeholder to understanding the realities of the work that is being performed. As compared to ordinal scales or variables, nominal ones do not require that an individual categorize or compare themselves based upon a ranking. Rather, the numbers

Business communication Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Business communication - Essay Example I did research on print media, television, outdoor billboards, conferences and web page advertisements. I found out that television has the advantage of high concentration information and attracts high attention from viewers hence being one of the best media for reaching many people. I also realized that Product launch conferences were also appealing to high-end customers who want to get firsthand information about the product directly from manufacturers at the first instance of the products availability. Magazine as an avenue for print media was also appealing to the audience especially those that that have specific tastes in certain customized magazines. Placing adverts in such magazines enhances its appeal to people. This whole exercise took me about one week to gather and present in a coherent manner. Initially, I thought the area I was assigned to research on was quite wide for one person. I had this opinion especially having in mind the whole field of advertisement and the different considerations one has to make before placing a given product to a given medium. This, however, changed after I had realized I was not to cover social media and outdoor advertisement. I also realized that other members were also assigned areas that were even wider than what I was allocated and that required much to research on. In fact, the task took me less effort and time than I anticipated because with the help of other group members. I learned that teamwork is better and that a task may appear difficult only before being started. Also, I got to learn more about the different types of media advertisements, their applicability, and advantages. By the end of the group task, I was knowledgeable in presentation tactics as a skill that I will be able to apply in official work when employed. Given another chance, I would still prefer to work with these group members. I realized the group had a challenge of lacking the needed concentration at the initial stages. This

Information based decision making Unit 5002 Essay

Information based decision making Unit 5002 - Essay Example Quality Business management is one of the most important business exceptionality of this century. It has added a thoroughly stranded manner to compact by means of imperfections in fabrication, focused attentiveness on clients, as well as painted participative organizational carry outs in business. In this research I will present the main ideas regarding effective decision making through the use of the organizational business information. This research is basically aimed to discuss the overall process and implementation of the business information regarding the effective decision making. The better decision in the organizational environment is very essential and its effectives provide the business better management and handling overall tasks. There have been efforts to reproduce its accomplishment in community services, run associations also information systems. Despite the fact that, business quality management has its main drawing out point in collection of the better and functional information for the better decision making and enhanced project management (Lillrank, 2003). A number of researches pointed out that deprived, defective, not on time or missing information is supposed as a the majority severe business quality crisis. It is emphasized that business information should not be handled the same as a plain by-product of a variety of actions on the other hand by means of the similar significance as products. Quality of information, though, appears to be a subtle theory (Salmela, 1997). Quality of the information is an expression to demonstrate the significance of the most important elements of the organizational information systems. It is frequently described as: â€Å"The potency for utilization of the business information present (Garvin, 1988)" Though this is working for the majority daily functions, experts frequently make use of additional complex models anticipated for business information quality. The greater part of

How Important Is Home Stay To Thai Tourism Tourism Essay

How Important Is Home Stay To Thai Tourism Tourism Essay The purpose of this paper is to explore the importance of home stay accommodation to Thai tourism. The first concern of this paper is to identify the definition of home stay, identify the group of customers who like to use home stay accommodation in Thailand and also discover the activities that prove to be attractive to them. The second concern of this paper is that the development and expansion of a home stay destination should lead to advantages such as an increase in local income and employment opportunities. On the other hand, when too many tourists come to an unspoilt area it can have an adverse effect on the balance of natural ecology. For example, two places, namely Pai in Mae Hong Son province, one of the most popular home stay destinations in the North which is over developed , and Chiang Khan in Loei province, a developing home stay destination in the northeast of Thailand. Some people said that Chiang Khan is Pai of the past. Within Pai itself, there is a movement to resi st against the excesses that has spoilt Pai and destroyed its peaceful rural character that had drawn people to it in the first place. Thailand is a developing country that attempts to grow and tourism is an industry that can significantly help stimulate economic growth. Consequently, when home stay tourism improves, it will expand the power of supply and help draw more tourists. Therefore, sustainable development is the better way to balance the development and maintain the original character. Logically, the more travel destinations developed, the more tourists will come and the more money the country will earn. Keywords: Home stay, Thailand, Sustainable development Introduction Tourism makes a major contribution to Thailands economy. Most tourists come to Thailand for various reasons mostly for the beaches and relaxation. The friendly, easy-going ways of the Thai people also proves a draw to most tourists, as well as the rich Thai culture, customs and history. The new marketing slogan which was adopted in mid 2009, Amazing Thailand, Amazing Value, and the governments stimulation package also seemed to have helped reverse the downward trend for the latter half of 2009 and for the present year. Moreover, nowadays, most people are concerned about the effect of global warming and are returning to nature; in another word Green has become a new catchword for tourists. Not only Green but also Sustainable are the popular words more and more tourists are fanning out into the countryside to be closer to nature. Consequently, rural tourism makes use of the countryside as a destination. It is a significant sector of overall tourism market in many countries. It will affect not only the environment but also the economy and social structure of the countryside. The number of activities that tourists participate in has grown. For example, agri-tourism (agricultural, festivals and other cultural events), green tourism (considered to be more environmentally friendly) and ecotourism (nature tourism). Home stay is a part of rural tourism. In addition, sustainable tourism development is synonymous with rural tourism. Nowadays, home stay tourism in Thailand has become very popular for both dome stic and foreign tourists. Part of the reason may be due to the effect of the world economic crisis, with most tourists worrying about their budget and travelling in this kind of home stay tourism costs less. So, the Thai Government rapidly develop Thai home stay to meet this new demand for economical packages. But it can be a two-edged sword with both positive and negative sides. Therefore, we must find the right balance. Definition of Home stay Home stay is a form of tourism that allows the visitor to rent a room from a local family to stay and better learn the local lifestyle and share their culture. It is comparable to the western concept of bed and breakfasts. A home stay property is a non-commercialized, private residence that accommodates paying guest(s) who enjoy staying in the comfort and security of a family home. In Thailand, the history of home stay began with students who were volunteers for rural development camps and who stayed with the local people during the course of their camp. Then, National Economic and Social plan 8th emphasized the development of communities and decentralization to local areas and home stay had its first formal recognition. The attraction of home stay is the way of life of the local people and natural attractions are not always considered an essential part. There are two types of home stay in Thailand which are the original and practical. In the original home stay concept, tourists stay with the host and live under the same conditions as the owner. In the practical home stay, conditions are improved for more physical comfort but the concept of an easy way of life and unique culture is not abandoned. However, the significance of home stay is participation in community life in which local people manage activities together. The activities vary from place to place and according to seasonal variations. They may include Thai culinary, Thai massage, farm life etc. Moreover, OTOP (One tambon one product) is a concept whereby local people are encouraged to make local products for sale to boost their income. The owners are encouraged to think that each visitor is a guest, not just a tourist (tourismthailand.org). They are a part of the family. Home stay is just another job for the home owner. When tourists come he will extend them his welcome but he still retains his main job such as fisherman or farmer. The advantages of home stay are the local knowledge that will be gained from the host, understanding the easy way of life and experience the natural kindness of the local people. Moreover, the local people receive more income but they do not abandon their main job. In addition, they share the experience with the tourists, get more friends and the community can become strong. In the age of globalization, many people live in a competitive world so many people now want to explore the easy life and a life of simple sufficiency as an alternative way of life. An additional benefit of home stay accommodation is that most of the money earned goes to the grassroot local people, rather into a large conglomerate? The local home owners get most of the money paid by the tourists. This has a more substantial benefit to a community, rather that if a large hotel chain was to open a large hotel and merely employ local people as hotel staff. Most of the earnings will then go to the hotel chain, with most of it likely sent out of the country. The owner and accommodation should meet the standard of home stay in Thailand. The Tourism Authority of Thailand has set 10 standards and 31 indicators. Demand for home stay in Thailand The majority of income in Thailand comes from agriculture and tourism. Income from tourism is significant for the Thai economy in terms of expanding and stability of the economy. Tourism in Thailand caters both to domestic and foreign travelers. Nowadays, Thailand in faced with negative situations which decreased the confidence of tourists from 2008 until now. TAT expects the number of international tourists will grow at around 7 to 10% to approximately 15.0 to 15.5 million in 2010 (Tourism Authority of Thailand.com). The Bank of Thailand stated that there are 1.6 million foreign tourists who traveled to Thailand in February 2010 which represented a drop from last year. Domestic tourists were not particularly affected by the political situation. It was more influenced by the economic slowdown and fluctuating oil prices in the first and second quarters of 2009. Local travelers have changed their travelling habits, are more conscious of travel expenses, and are tending to visit tourist destinations closer to home (Tourism Authority of Thailand.com). The Office of the National Economic and Social Development Board predicted the economy would grow at 3 to 4% due to the global economic recovery and the governments Thai Khem Khaeng (Stronger Thailand) economic stimulus programme. New tourist attractions and activities that reflect the culture and style of a particular region will also be introduced. Therefore, the government supports and aims at the recovery of the Thai tourism market through marketing campaigns namely road shows to restore the image of Thailand and promotional advertisements under the Amazing Thailand, Amazing Value concept. Home stay is one of the better destinations which has proved attractive to both international and domestic tourists. It is a part of tourism in Thailand which continues to grow and earn income because it is set in rural areas far from the negative effects of political disturbances, is not expensive and brings visitors into close contact with nature. The tourists can relax among friendly local people. Therefore, the measurement and understanding of the demand and supply for tourism is important to overall tourism planning and management. We will know overall picture of the development, growth and value of tourism. All tourist behavior or activity results from motivation. Motivation is the context of the demand for tourism. Motivations have both push and pull factors together. The push factors are socio-psychological motives (person-specific factors). The pull factors are motives aroused by the destination (destination-specific factors). Tourists who go to home stay destinations usually have both push and pull factors. They want to relax, be close to nature and share knowledge, which are push factors. The pull factors are from the easy way of life of the people, unique culture and eco-friendliness. For example, a mini-farm is a magnet for tourists who travel with children. Mostly, domestic tourists usually go to home stay by car because some places are not far from urban centers such as Bangkok. It does not take too much time to immerse oneself in relaxation, fresh air and escape from the complicated city life. In contrast, international tourists mostly are backpackers usually stay a long time in home stays because of cheap prices but also because of the calmness, relaxed life style and the ability to e xplore new experience. Supply of the Home stay in Thailand On the supply side, the development of home stay is happening in Thailand. It is stimulated by the demand which comes from tourist needs. Some people want more comfort, some want plain, simple facilities, others demand higher standards. So, the local people work together toward the development of standards for home stay facilities in Thailand. Sometime, the popularity of a destination can lead to mass tourism. Mass tourism is a situation where a large number of tourists go to one place, sometime leading to an overload of local facilities. This can lead to further development of transport and other utilities until the easy way of life disappears. Moreover, it will adversely affect to the environment. Pai in Mae Hong Son province and Chiang Khan in Loei province are examples of popular home stay destinations in Thailand that have been developed to different degrees. One has already been spoilt and the other is resisting against a tendency toward over development. Pai is a small district in Mae Hong Son which was an ideal destination, being nestled in a small valley surrounded by mountains with cool weather. It was a romantic spot with friendly people can rich culture. Some people have referred to the village as called Uto-Pai, mimicking the name Utopia of Sir Thomas More. All this has made Pai very well known as hoards of tourists are drawn to it. Material development followed and soon the small village of Pai had its own air strip where tourists can arrive after a mere 25 minutes from Chiang Mai. Hotels and resorts also sprang up in its wake. All these development had a negative effect on the local inhabitant; while they used to be wont to retiring to bed early after a hard days work, they are now disturbed by loud music at entertainment places late at night. Music festivals became weekly events in the winter months. Some local people sold their land to capitalists and move to the foothills for the sake of peace and quiet. These changes reflect the fact that Pai is changing rapidly in both positive and negative ways. In addition, local children are falling to temptations from the western ways of tourists. Some local people said these development are more like deterioration. Not only Pai but Chiang Khan (a district on the bank of the Mekong river in Loei province), a relatively recent home stay destination, is facing similar problems. The conflict between local people and government is looming. The government wants to develop the town to cater to more and more tourists, but many local people want to see a steady growth of Chiang Khan. They want Chiang Khan to be strong, to retain its rural qualities and control itself. They do not want more bright lights in Chiang Khan, do not want to follow the modern trend because tourists come and go rapidly and do not stay a long time. Nowadays, some of the local people in Chiang Khan are already closing rank in a fight against rapidly over development. They have formed a tourism association within which they discussed the problems of westernization and over development which has plagued Pai. They have started a website where every one is welcomed to add comments. They are fighting against bright lights, loud music a nd weekend concerts that have combined to destroyed Pais rural character. They want tourism in Chiang Khan to be sustainable. They do not want Chiang Khan to have luxury boutique hotels, modern pubs or franchise coffee shop chains. They want Chiang Khan to retain its rural character with an easy way of life, home stays based on original houses without elaborate decoration, so when tourists come they will feel like they are the part of the family and coffee is still hand-brewed traditional coffee. Some people said that Chiang Khan is Pai of the past. Therefore, before Chiang Khan changes like Pai we must to help each other. Sustainable development of Home stay in Thailand Tourism, if developed locally, can help to ease the poverty problem, reduce income disparity and achieve a friendly environment as well as common prosperity. Tourism brings not only benefits but also costs and if not well managed may undermine its sustainability in the long run. In Thailand, tourism has a positive income generating effect but potentially worsening income distribution (Mingsan Kaosa-ard 2006). The best way to balance the development is through sustainable development in which every part must work together. Sustainable Development is development that satisfies the customer needs now but does not destroy tomorrows resources. The Pareto Optimum states that no one can be made better off by making someone worse off (businessdictionary.com). Customer demands lead to marketing research and material development. That is the marketing process. After that, planning and management are essential for achieving successful tourism development. Sustainable Tourism Development emphasizes the management of tourism industry must adapt itself according to the changing face of the world in term of sustainable pattern. There are three parameters of sustainability which are economic (well being), environment (ecological balance) and socio-cultural considerations (Sense of community and security). For example, the development should makes more money while at the same time have a minimum effect on the environment and social-cultural framework. The key to sustainable tourism development is to educate communities so that they understand the negative impacts of mass tourism and the limit to the ecosystems carrying capacity, and to develop diversified tourist products that can minimize the negative impact of mass tourism. For instance, in France they have standard and label for accommodation which confirm the standard and evaluate the standard and quality every five years. The label is one of marketing strategy which make good picture of the product. Moreover, they separate the demand equal in every areas and every part works together. Those are the good example for the development of home stay which Thailand should adapt for the development of home stay in Thailand. Amphawa floating market (Plai Pong Pag community) is a good example of home stay in Thailand which supports many tourists every year. It affects the quality of life of the local people, while the rapidly rising number of tourists has unavoidably led to a deterioration in the environment. Most of the home stay places have not attained the standard of home stay in Thailand even though this is the first community to launch the concept of home stay, but they have failed to meet the home stay standards. Because some home stay have transformed their homes so much that they became more like resorts and they do not match the qualifications of the home stay standard. Home stay will get the standard when they do not add more building and tourists must stay with the owner. According to that problem, National economic and social plan 9th stated that sustainable tourism in Thailand which wants to be a quality destination and ready in supply of tourism for support many tourists. We can transmit knowledge of France to Thailand; not in its entirety but we can adapt it. The government should have an effective and systemic plan such as setting policies or laws for the community and provide for penalties for culprits. It is hard for the government in Thailand to extend proper care to the home stay business in some communities because the local people worry about taxation and are not always forthcoming with information for the government. So, the government should establish an institute which can win the confidence of the local people and demonstrate the significance of the standard and effective management to the local people. The negative impacts on Pai and Chiang Khan happened because of civilization, but the impact on Amphawa was due to the ignorance of the local people. Therefore, the development is a two-edged sword that can have both advantages and disadvantages if we are ineffective. The best solution is the cooperation of everybody, beginning with community participation and the support of the government. The government decentralizes budgets to the community but continue to give technical advices to the local people. After that, policies such as the limit on the number of tourists will happen not only to care for the environment but for the sake of tourists who do not want to be in a place crowded with other tourists; they can relax and be closer to nature. Moreover, the local people can take care of all tourists like a part of the family. Do not forget that sustainable development is the better way of development and sustainable concern three things which are economy, environment and also socio-cu ltural parts. Conclusion In conclusion, tourism constitutes a major part of the Thai economy, encompassing both domestic and international tourists. Home stay is an alternative form of tourism which is based in the rural area that tourists stay and live with the local people. They can share the experience and culture. In Thailand, home stay began with the student volunteer for rural development camps and after National economic and social plan 8th home stay was developed until now. The motivations for travel home stay have both push and pull factors. The push factors usually are for relaxation. Mostly, domestic tourists go to home stay by car and relax for two or three days, but international tourists often stay much longer. The pull factors usually are the easy way of life, close contact with nature and fresh air. Material development is significant for home stay because it has both positive and negative sides. Material development can help attract tourists, although consideration must be given to suitable forms of development that should not destroy the original attraction of the place. It is a good marketing strategy to improve the quality of home stay accommodation. The home stay standards have been laid down in Thailand, but most of the home stays in Thailand still do not meet them, such as in Amphawa. Moreover, some places such as Pai is overloaded with tourists while Chiang Khan is still trying to resist this trend toward over-development. Pai and Chiang Khan demonstrate both advantages and disadvantages of material development. The solution for a balance is sustainability which centers on economic, environmental and socio-cultural considerations. France can be a good example for sustainable development. Thai home stay should adapt it and adopt it right now. The government should start by educating the local people and then carry out research on customer needs, marketing strategy, planning and management. In addition, strong policies are significant, with a need for penalties fo r those who break the rules. The importance is the cooperation of everybody in the country, because everybody is part of the progression of Thailand.

Groups and Teams Essay -- Groups Team Teamwork Essays Papers

Groups and Teams   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Groups or teams can evolve into high performing, extremely effective, useful tools in any organization if developed and managed correctly. Demographic characteristics and cultural diversity can impact the behavior of groups or teams in positive and some negative ways. Diversity may impede the initial progress of a group; however, the long range benefit to creating high performing teams is great. An effective group is one that achieves high levels of task performance, member satisfaction, and team viability (Schermerhorn, Hunt & Osborne, 2003, p. 2). A team or group is two or more people working together to achieve common goals. Members of a group are usually dependent on each other and have regular interactions in order to reach a goal. They actively work together as a unit in order to fulfill a purpose. Organizations rely on groups to accomplish specific tasks. An effective group is one that achieves high levels of task performance, member satisfactions and team viability (Schermerhorn, Hunt & Osborne, 2003, p. 2). Synergy, the idea that the whole is greater than the sum of its parts, is also part of an effective group. If a group has synergy then they are able to accomplish far more than they would working as individuals. Synergy is crucial in group organizations if they want to be competitive and productive. Groups within organizations improve creativity, implement better decision making processes, increase commitment to goals, offer control and help to offset the size of a large organization. There are many types of groups within organizations including formal, informal, task groups and virtual groups. Group size and dynamics can affect performance. The larger the group, the more help there is to accomplish tasks. Although, a larger group can bring problems with communication, coordination and management. Dynamics or how a group works together in order to deal with issues can also affect performance.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Groups and teams have several stages of development in order to be considered effective; forming, storming, norming, performing and adjourning. Forming is the first stage and is primarily the initial entry into a group and getting to know each other stage. The storming stage of group development is a period of high emotionality and tension among the group members (Schermerhorn, Hunt & Osborne, 2003, p. 9). During t... ...ity within a high performing team is respected and embraced. Different opinions and ideas are welcomed and discussed. Team members are involved in clear problem solving procedures and they plans tasks completely before acting. Synergy is critical to team success. Management should reward team successes. High performance teams are high-energy, collaborative process groups. They are the playground and work center for capable people with strong, respectful voices who understand and appreciate the power of aligning diverse perspectives (Schutz, 1999, p 1).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In conclusion, groups or teams that are high performing, and critical to the success of any organization, are rich in diversity, synergy, team work. More can be accomplished, greater achievements and productivity gained, when groups or teams are used in organizations. References Cummings, Jonathon. (2001). Work groups, structural diversity, and knowledge sharing in a global organization. Management Science. (pgs. 1 ? 13). Schutz, Susan. (1999). Building high performing teams: putting the "I" back in teamwork. Ezine. (pgs. 1-2) Schermerhorn, J. R., Hunt, J. G. & Osborne, R. N. (2003). Organizational Behavior

My Police Dream Essay

My name is Brianna Knight. There are many reasons to why it’s my dream to become a police officer, but I’m going to highlight my top three reasons of why I would like to be a cop. â€Å"To Serve and Protect†, a phrase known by everyone, but only a few know the meaning and are willing to live by it. As a police officer it is their duty to serve and be loyal to their county, along with their officers and to do anything in their power to protect. I know what it takes to see and understand the dangers of life. To prevent harm and ensure the safety of others, I believe, is a very valuable trait to find in one applying to be an officer of the law. This is something I pride myself in. Some people my age seem to want to stay away from the word â€Å"responsibilities†. The way I look at it, is the more responsibilities the greater the accomplishments. Every decision one makes in life comes with some sort of responsibility. It is up to that person to decide how they react to it and what actions they decide to take. Being a police officer comes with great responsibilities, something I’ve thought long and hard about. I wouldn’t take on something I know I couldn’t handle. Like I’ve said, this is my dream. Being a police officer is not an easy job. I’m not looking for easy. Pushing yourself towards your goals and never giving up no matter what kind of obstacles may come your way gives one a sense of respect in oneself. I respect others, but respect is not just given overnight. It takes hard work and motivation, one must earn respect. Having respect from others is an important thing to have in this specific position. I’m a very determined individual, and when I set my mind to something I will go to great measures to reach and accomplish my goals. Seeing anyone have the same drive and motivation is something that earns my respect, for it has given me respect in myself. I have a great amount of respect for our police men and women. I would love to be a part of that. As a little girl there has been a tug towards becoming a police officer, who didn’t want to become a cop as a child? Now that I am grown that tug is still there. I want to give my son the best life I can possibly give, and to show him that he can be whatever his heart desires. I want to be someone he looks up to and hopefully one day he will follow in my footsteps. If not as a cop then to work as hard as I did in whatever that â€Å"tug† is for him and to conquer his dreams. This is why it is time for me to stop dreaming and start doing. I feel like I have what it takes physically and mentally to be a valuable asset to the police force. If and when I’m given the chance to show how serious this is to me, one will see how qualified I am to be able to call myself a police officer, someone that serves and protects his community. Thank you for your time and consideration.

Drama Are We Addicted to It Hollywood Says Yes.

Drama Are We Addicted to It Hollywood Says Yes. The Untrue Story†¦ This weekend I watched The Big Sick, a movie based on a true story about a Pakistani comedian, Kumail Nanjiani, and his white girlfriend, Emily Gordon. Kumail and Emily’s real story is a truly great love story. They were dating for six months when Emily suddenly fell ill- six months in which Kumail did not tell his family about Emily, fearing they would disown him. Then, while Emily was in a medically induced coma, Kumail recognized the level of his love for Emily. Upon her awakening, he asked her to marry him. They were wed two months later, in a Pakistani wedding, despite his parents’ protests and â€Å"How could you do this to us?† attitude. This story seems good enough for Hollywood to me, but to create more drama, Kumail and Emily (the authors of the screenplay about their own lives) threw a huge breakup fight into the mix- the day before Emily was hospitalized. They also made up fights between Kumail and Emily’s parents, as well as a race-related incident at one of Kumail’s shows where Emily’s mother went to (verbal) battle with a heckler. Click here to read about the real story. Hollywood Drama Hollywood movies require drama, and extra drama is what writers Kumail and Emily delivered. To me, it made their story less believable. I would have preferred the true story. I started doing research on other movies â€Å"based on true stories.† Not surprisingly, fictionalized fights and arguments were often added in for dramatic effect. For example, in Only the Brave, the leader of the team did not really have an argument with his wife the night before the big fire that killed him. And he did not give any pushback when one of his team members- the one who ultimately survived- told him he wanted to move to a different team that would provide him more stability. He was supportive from the get-go. But the movie depicted two fights and their ultimate resolution. Click here for more about the true account. In Marshall, fights were likewise inserted for dramatic effect. The real-life nephew of the lawyer Sam Friedman has said â€Å"that the moment in the movie that is most ‘absurd’ is when Sam tells Thurgood Marshall that he cant afford to lose the case, to which Marshall responds twice, ‘F*** you, Sam Friedman.’† (Click to learn what really happened.) In real life, Marshall would never have said such a thing. Furthermore, Marshall did not come close to getting into a bar fight, and Friedman was never actually attacked for working on the case of Joseph Spell, as depicted in the movie. Addicted to Drama? I have more questions than answers about the embellishments made to these â€Å"true† stories. Are we as a society so addicted to drama that we need additional conflict on top of what already exists in the world? Would we really not go to see movies that were more even-keeled? Or might we find them refreshing? Do we like watching other people’s drama so we feel better about our own? Do we like it because we learn from the movies that conflict can be resolved and that there is good will available if we look for it in others and in ourselves? I understand that fights are part of life and relationships. I appreciate real life, and sometimes even fictionalized, examples of conflict and resolution. But I also appreciate truth, and I don’t like gratuitous drama any more than I like gratuitous violence. I wish that Hollywood would cut some of the unnecessary emotional wringers that writers put us through. I am also asking myself, â€Å"How much unnecessary drama have I created in my own life? Am I making my own true story more of a roller coaster than it has to be?† The holiday season is a good time to shed light on where we might be embellishing our own stories with no real positive effect. I wish for us all that we pick our fights wisely and fight not to break our relationships apart, but to make them stronger. Category:Life and LeadershipBy Brenda BernsteinNovember 28, 2017 4 Comments Tara Imani says: November 28, 2017 at 12:37 pm Hi Brenda, Your post is truly enlightening as I assumed most true stories fights were not embellished. I wonder if Hollywood directors are the ones who are addicted to violence and abuse. The inserting of the word fxxx has escalated to epidemic proportions since 1986 or so. Thank you for shedding light on a serious problem. Movies can have a huge impact on people. If we get the idea that everyone is fighting and arguing and living in discord, it might influence us to do the same. This sounds lame but I think it happens. Before my dear mom passed unexpectedly after a surprise illness in 2015, she often kept her TV on the Hallmark channel. I joked she was living in a fairytale bubble, far away from CNN etc. In retrospect, I think she was doing the best thing. Happy Holidays, Tara Log in to Reply Brenda Bernstein says: November 28, 2017 at 2:49 pm Im so glad my article made such an impact, Tara! I believe theres harm in the happily ever after stories too, which make us think our fights are not okay or that something is wrong if were fighting. My vote is for somewhere in between. This society is so affected by what we see over and over on the big screen! Log in to Reply Kathi Fuller says: November 29, 2017 at 8:34 pm I feel exactly the same way, Brenda. The one that really struck me was Hidden Figures, based on the true story of three African American female mathematicians who worked at NASA in the 1960s. It feels like a slap in the face to tell a woman like Katherine Johnson that her story isnt compelling enough at face value, that it must be embellished with scenes like her boss striding down the hallway surrounded by Katherine and her co-workers to smash the Whites Only bathroom sign when he found out that Katherine was running to another building a half-mile away several times a day to use the only colored restroom on the NASA campus. Its a great visual and a powerful piece of storytelling but it never happened. In reality, Katherine simply ignored the Whites Only sign at the closest ladies room to her office and used it anyway, hoping she wouldnt get caught and eventually and uneventfully the sign came down as culture change swept through NASA. The reality makes me love Katherine e ven more her determination and self-sufficiency in overcoming the obstacle on her own rather than relying on a white, male higher-up to solve her issue for her. Adding false drama where none was needed diminished the experience of that film for me. There is power in authenticity! Log in to Reply Brenda Bernstein says: November 29, 2017 at 9:29 pm Thank you for sharing that, Kathi. Im going to go read up on the truth vs. fiction in that film now. I had assumed that was a true part of the story! Like there isnt enough to be appalled about regarding racial discrimination, we have to make things up? Log in to Reply

Lincolns Motives in Attempt to Preserve The Union essays

Lincolns Motives in Attempt to Preserve The Union essays I claim not to have controlled events, but confess plainly that events have controlled me. Abraham Lincoln to Albert G. Hodges April 4, 1864 (Donald page1) Abraham Lincolns only motive when he first took office, as president on February 23, 1861, was to preserve the broken Union. He was in fear of assassination and his trip to the White House was in disguise in order to escape death. He went into his position as president already in chaos because of the former president Buchanan. He claimed that on March 6, 1852 on his second day of presidency that slaves were considered to be property (Hansen). The country was left in dispute; the south had created a new nation, the Confederate States of America. The south had gone into war because they felt that the north was against them and would take away their way of survival. They also felt the threat that their states rights had been violated. The northern states only wanted to preserve a union in need. When Lincoln was elected, he basically had one major plan. It was to maintain the union and all its states. The civil war was Lincolns attempt to preserve the Union. Even before he was president Lincoln wanted to end slavery or at least stop it from growing into other parts of the states. One of his speeches in Illinois before he became president shows his point of view on slavery: Perhaps his most telling innovation was his explanation of why republicans firmly opposed to the extension of slavery were not pledged to eradicate it in the southern states. If Out in the street, or in the field, or on the prairie I find a rattle snake, Lincoln explained, I take a stake and kill him. Everybody would applaud the act and say I did right. But suppose the snake was in a bed where children were sleeping. Would I do right to strike him there? I might hurt the children; or I might not kill, but only arouse and exasperate the snake, and he might bite the c...

A Kind & Just Parent Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

A Kind & Just Parent - Essay Example B. and has fundamentally focused on Mr. B.’s room in the detention center school. The experiences tell how juveniles in the urban regions enter into the world of crime and what environmental factors specifically bring the crime committing juveniles to their destination i.e. the detention center. The story tells that the Juvenile Court originally had the intentions of being a â€Å"kind and just parent† towards the prisoners (Ayers). However, it became difficult for the Court to achieve that as the differences between the urban youth crisis and the tendency of the Court to take action against that grew manifolds. As a result of this, the Juvenile Court failed to maintain its original image of a â€Å"kind and just parent†. However, in spite of that, the mentors of the detention center never gave up their efforts of assisting the imprisoned juveniles. The book presents a thought provoking argument that emphasizes upon a need to devise such standards for the juvenil e justice that are suitable for them as kids. Finally, the author presents few considerations regarding little children in context of the juvenile justice system. Through A Kind and Just Parent, readers are offered a transformative image of juveniles that are held in justice system. Such an image is hard to retrieve from the stories in news or other forms of media. Ayers has beautifully captured everyday life events of the juveniles. His work presents a well defined image of the life of a juvenile in the juvenile justice system. The characters of the book fully cover the three dimensions of fun, vulnerability and violence. Young people discuss their lifestyle, and analyze their conditions by comparing themselves to their friends. The reader thoroughly reviews the life of an imprisoned juvenile for a whole year in the school. The reader is also introduced to the teachers who convey their own perspectives. The teachers make the reader understand how the kids end up getting caught up i n the juvenile justice system. The teachers also emphasize upon a need to think rationally and straight about the juveniles and tell what role society can play in keeping the juveniles away from the world of crime. Keeping a child away from crime is a social responsibility of every responsible citizen. The author emphasizes upon a need to help juveniles stay away from committing crime. It is noteworthy that crime is a strong flavor of cheating that is ingrained in the very personality of every human being. Children may be taken to task for having stolen a thing from a shop, or in more severe cases, for having murdered someone. But what about cheating in exam that is considered by students a norm, rather than an offense? Millions of children cheat in their exams every year all over the world despite the ever increasingly tougher exam conditions and supervision. All we as adults, can do is to forbid the children from doing such things but there is little objectivity in our approach. S econdly, every person displays some level of indignity in his/her daily life activities. No one is perfect. To be realistic, people are too self concerned and self centered to care what a child in the neighborhood is up to. In the contemporary society, people have become so immune to social injustice that many hardly bother to set the pattern for a juvenile. Keeping a child away from crime is not a one hr job. Indeed, it requires years of nurturing, education and supervision to make the child comply with the advice of an adult. If there is

Customer Relationship Management and E-Commerce Strategies Essay

Customer Relationship Management and E-Commerce Strategies - Essay Example The findings are that in general both websites serves as customer interaction platforms that are also transactional, and serve up products that customers can purchase, and which the backend systems process. The backend systems, apart from processing transactions, also allow for the creation of customer accounts, from where the platform is able to better manage customer experiences and interactions, by remembering customer purchases and transaction histories. (Green Mountain Coffee Roasters Inc., 2004; Starbucks Corporation, 2013). II. Main Findings At the Starbucks site there are many activities geared towards managing relationships with customers. At the very basic, the website offers visitors the opportunity to be part of the mailing list for its newsletter. The very concept of the webpage itself is a big relationship management and transactional portal, where customers are able to buy extras and gifts, such as ornamental pieces for the holidays, coffee cups, and pouches of coffee to be brewed at home. The items are prominently displayed at the center of the pages like in a catalog, with prices, and clicking on the product images brings the customer to a page where the customer can place the order in a bag, for later payment. The site then through this particular gifts page is an interactive way for the company to engage customers and to allow for transactions. Taking a step back, putting the original www.starbucks.com on the URL bar redirects the customer to the Starbucks Store. In this way the online visitor to Starbucks is engaged in the same way as Starbucks would engage customers in their stores. The virtual presence is also configured as a store (Starbucks Corporation, 2013b). In fact, taking a step back, each of the categories in the Starbucks online store, from tea to coffee to equipment, drinkware and the Starbucks Card categories, lead to pages that sell merchandise. The entire site can be construed as a customer relationship platform, and behind it is an accounts management system where customers can create accounts to facilitate the building and the maintenance of the customer relationships online. The latter includes understanding purchase patterns, purchase histories, and generally archiving customer transactions to potentially improve the customer engagement process moving forward. At the back too it can be construed that IT is a vital aspect of the entire experience. The CRM front end as described above must have at the back of it a support infrastructure that includes orders processing and fulfillment, and a backend to track all transactions and manage specific customer relationships through the maintenance of databases of customer interactions (Starbucks Corporation, 2013). In contrast the Green Mountain Coffee website is less forward with its products, having no catalog at the home page for instance, in the way that the Starbucks site pushes its products with pricing and orders fulfillment all in front when the visito r visits the site. Moreover, where Starbucks automatically redirects visitors to starbucks.com directly to its online store, Green Mountain Coffee’s home page is a general page about the company, with key products displayed out in front, but no pricing and related orders fulfillment options present. That said, the Green Mountai